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Social History of Medicine 1999 12(1):101-124; doi:10.1093/shm/12.1.101
© 1999 by Society for the Social History of Medicine
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Why Sickness and Death Rates do not Move Parallel to One Another over Time

JAMES C. RILEY*

* Population Institute, Indiana University Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. e-mail: rileyj{at}indiana.edu

Scholars sometimes claim that mortality and morbidity move parallel to one another over time. Using case studies from nineteenth-century England and Wales, this essay plots actual relationships in historical populations and explores why parallelism should not be expected. The implication of finding that mortality and morbidity chart independent courses is that they are either shaped by different factors or by the same factors operating in different ways. Hence morbidity should not be expected to be controlled by policies formulated to control mortality.

Keywords: mortality; morbidity; friendly societies; sickness episodes; duration; incidence; prevalence; lethality


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